普斯林顿代写论文 Markting论文代写 乔治和琼斯

2017-01-03 21:27

According to George and Jones (2005), decision making could be defined as “the process by which members of an organization choose a specific course of action to respond to both problems and opportunities”. Essentially a decision is usually made in order to solve a problem or capitalize an opportunity provided by some changes in the environmental conditions confronted the business organization. One of the major tasks of managers within organizations is usually decision making and perhaps this is the reason they are often termed as decision makers (Huczynski & Buchanan, 2007). This is due to the fact that managers usually have specialized training, education and experience that are used for better solving the organization's problems and capturing the environmental opportunities confronted the business organization. It is worth mentioning that not all the decisions are of the same nature as there are decision making situations where the managers have clear objectives, information and decision making alternative where a manager could easily select a particular course of action to accomplish the organization's objectives (Rollinson, 2005). However, there are conditions where this is not the case and the manager has multiple and vague objectives, the information are ill-structured and it is difficult for the manager to properly rank the decision making alternatives. Such decisions that are known as unstructured decisions are usually hard to make to posses some amount of risk to the managers (Mullins, 2005).
While confronted with decision making dilemma a manager usually follow a series of sequence termed as decision making process that starts from the identification of the problems that the decision makers wishes to resolve, followed by the identification of decision criteria, allocation of weights to the criteria on the basis of significance, the development of alternatives, analysis of alternatives and selection and implementation of alternatives that are supposed to maximize the payoff of the organization and helps in better accomplishment of the organization's long-term goals. After the decision is implemented a subsequent evaluation of decision effectiveness is carried out where the decision maker evaluates the effectiveness of the decision in order to avoid mistakes if same situations arise in the future (Alder, 2004).

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