英国莱斯特代写论文:人口结构

2018-04-20 13:46

人口结构的变化意味着老年人的技能和知识需要得到开发和利用。在数据的支持下，许多年长的工人都处在他们的航空公司的高度，而不是在最后。研究发现，工作的老年人在一年中至少要做六个月的工作，而这来自于收入的需要(UNPFA, 2011)。因此，大部分年长的劳动力预计在退休后仍能继续工作。这表明，发展老员工的技能水平对老年人、雇主和社会都有好处。与普遍的看法相反，虽然年长的劳动力经历了反应时间和知觉技能的变化，但其他技能领域，如记忆、问题解决、创造力、一般智力、社会技能、应对压力的能力可以通过培训和教育来保持甚至提高(Dworschak, Buck & Schletz, 2006)。技能不匹配被认为是影响年长员工有效和有效执行能力的主要因素之一(Cedefop, 2010)，而年长员工的认知能力下降则是由于缺乏实践，而且是完全可逆的(Foster, 2008)。老年人在需要结晶智力的任务上比年轻人表现得更好。具体化的智力包括在一生中积累的知识和技能。年龄较大的人通过语言能力和判断(Merriam, 2001)在这方面表现得更好。研究人员的普遍共识是，尽管老年人在与流动智力相关的任务中得分较低，但这些得分可以提高，而且一旦为解决策略提供了训练干预措施，他们的表现可以达到与年轻成年人平行的水平。
英国莱斯特代写论文:人口结构
The demographic changes mean that the skills and knowledge of the older workers need to be developed and utilized. As supported by the data many older workers are at the height of their carriers and not at the end of it. It has been found that the elderly, who work, do it on a full time basis for a minimum of six months of the year and this comes from a necessity to earn an income (UNPFA, 2011). Therefore, a majority of the older workforce expects to continue working even after the estimated retirement period. This suggests that developing the skill levels of older workers will have benefits for the elderly, employers and society alike. Contrary to popular belief, although the elderly workforce experiences changes in reaction time and perceptual skills, other skill areas such as memory, problem solving, creativity, general intelligence, social skills, the ability to cope with stress can be maintained and even improved through training and education (Dworschak, Buck & Schletz, 2006). Skill mismatch is identified as one of the primary factors affecting the ability of older workers to perform effectively and productively, (Cedefop, 2010) and the cognitive decline in older workers is seen as a result of being out of practice and is quite reversible (Foster, 2008). Older adults tend to perform better on task requiring crystallized intelligence than younger adults. Crystallized intelligence includes the knowledge and skills accumulated throughout one's lifetime. Older people perform better on this through verbal abilities and judgment (Merriam, 2001). General consensus among researchers is that although the elderly may score lower on tasks related to fluid intelligence, these scores can be improved and their performance can reach parallel levels to that of younger adults once training interventions are provided for solving strategies

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